# file: kum_N2O_MM.dat # # Atmospheric measurements of N2O (Nitrous Oxide) # # Measurements are from the NOAA/ESRL/GMD/HATS flask program # (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/flask/flasks.html). # Instrument ID: Otto # # Location: KUM -- Cape Kumukahi, Hawaii -- 19.52 N, 154.82 W, 3 m Elev. # See http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/site/site_table.html#hats_flask for # more information about flask sampling sites. # # The data reported are from samples collected approximately once per week in # matching, concurrent, flask pairs and later analyzed on a gas chromatograph # with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) located in Boulder, Colorado, USA. # This system uses two standard reference gases for calibration and has been # in operation since very early in 1995. # # A known, systematic, low-side bias in the N2O measurements performed on Otto # has largely been eliminated since January of 2009. Prior to this date, # offsets are added to these flask data for the purpose of combining them with # baseline N2O data from other monitoring systems (see # http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/ combined/N2O.html). The offsets -- 1.3 ppb # at Samoa and 0.6 ppb elsewhere -- were determined in reference to CATS data # (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/ insitu/cats) but have not been applied to # the Otto data reported here. # # These data represent monthly mean estimates computed using those data marked # with a 0 in flag column 7 of the companion file named "kum_N2O_All.dat". With # flask samples collected only weekly on average, monthly sampling statistics # are poor at best. As a result, the error reported is either the standard # deviation of the mean or a floor single-sample precision estimate. # # PIs: Dr. James W. Elkins, Dr. Bradley D. Hall, # Debra J. Mondeel, J. David Nance # # National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) # Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) # 325 Broadway, R/GMD1 # Boulder, CO 80305-3328 # # Email: James.W.Elkins@noaa.gov; Bradley.Hall@noaa.gov # Phone: (303) 497-6224 (303) 497-7011 # # Email: Debra.J.Mondeel@noaa.gov; David.Nance@noaa.gov # Phone: (303) 497-6013 (303) 497-7002 # # Fax: (303) 497-6290 # # Data use policy: # If you use this data in a publication or report, we would appreciate that you # contact the principal investigators (PIs) first and discuss your interests. # The PIs can discuss the quality of the data and any potential problems with # its analysis. Please contact the PIs for more information. The data should # be cited in presentations or publications along the following lines: Nitrous Oxide # data from the NOAA/ESRL halocarbons flask program. # # Calibration scale: NOAA 2006A # See http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccl/scales.html for more information about # calibration scales. # # Units: ppb # # Missing value: "nan" # # Data Columns: # yr Year # mon Month # m Monthly mean concentration of N2O in ppb # sd Standard deviation of the mean (or single-sample precision value) # n Number of samples # N2OottoKUMyr N2OottoKUMmon N2OottoKUMm N2OottoKUMsd N2OottoKUMn 1995 1 nan nan 0 1995 2 nan nan 0 1995 3 nan nan 0 1995 4 nan nan 0 1995 5 nan nan 0 1995 6 nan nan 0 1995 7 nan nan 0 1995 8 nan nan 0 1995 9 nan nan 0 1995 10 nan nan 0 1995 11 310.780 1.303 1 1995 12 nan nan 0 1996 1 310.590 2.002 1 1996 2 nan nan 0 1996 3 311.049 1.209 2 1996 4 311.317 0.686 3 1996 5 312.034 1.214 3 1996 6 311.936 0.439 3 1996 7 312.189 0.640 4 1996 8 311.881 0.657 3 1996 9 311.806 0.483 4 1996 10 311.633 0.845 2 1996 11 312.150 0.721 2 1996 12 312.538 0.535 3 1997 1 312.236 0.431 2 1997 2 312.632 0.587 3 1997 3 312.123 0.576 2 1997 4 312.850 0.525 1 1997 5 312.840 0.766 1 1997 6 312.320 0.495 1 1997 7 312.849 0.627 3 1997 8 312.450 0.621 1 1997 9 312.774 0.581 2 1997 10 312.684 0.450 3 1997 11 313.072 0.579 2 1997 12 313.150 0.589 2 1998 1 313.495 0.657 3 1998 2 313.565 0.629 3 1998 3 313.539 0.380 3 1998 4 313.074 0.340 2 1998 5 313.201 0.465 4 1998 6 313.456 0.325 2 1998 7 312.830 0.325 3 1998 8 313.224 0.511 5 1998 9 313.392 0.671 2 1998 10 313.777 0.475 2 1998 11 314.015 0.296 3 1998 12 313.970 0.911 1 1999 1 313.904 0.492 2 1999 2 313.693 0.449 2 1999 3 314.466 0.715 2 1999 4 313.990 0.385 1 1999 5 313.753 0.387 2 1999 6 314.078 0.261 4 1999 7 314.022 0.319 3 1999 8 313.604 0.436 4 1999 9 314.186 0.470 2 1999 10 314.393 0.438 4 1999 11 314.565 0.342 5 1999 12 314.596 0.471 3 2000 1 314.474 0.430 4 2000 2 314.854 0.476 5 2000 3 313.655 0.474 3 2000 4 314.412 0.515 4 2000 5 314.810 0.634 2 2000 6 315.100 0.651 4 2000 7 315.215 0.793 3 2000 8 314.634 0.936 3 2000 9 315.406 0.533 2 2000 10 316.207 0.708 3 2000 11 315.340 0.267 4 2000 12 315.179 0.565 3 2001 1 315.762 0.477 4 2001 2 315.867 0.308 4 2001 3 316.093 0.466 4 2001 4 314.697 0.405 5 2001 5 316.270 0.486 1 2001 6 315.103 0.630 5 2001 7 314.940 0.968 4 2001 8 316.317 0.470 3 2001 9 315.492 0.598 4 2001 10 315.921 0.553 4 2001 11 316.470 0.657 4 2001 12 316.244 0.453 4 2002 1 316.570 0.426 4 2002 2 316.919 0.403 4 2002 3 316.787 0.503 3 2002 4 316.401 0.715 2 2002 5 316.075 0.470 2 2002 6 317.012 0.542 5 2002 7 nan nan 0 2002 8 316.775 0.571 3 2002 9 316.607 0.348 5 2002 10 316.815 0.475 4 2002 11 317.188 0.342 4 2002 12 316.981 0.499 5 2003 1 316.928 0.482 4 2003 2 316.253 0.557 4 2003 3 316.401 0.366 5 2003 4 317.336 0.504 4 2003 5 317.249 0.682 4 2003 6 317.283 0.340 5 2003 7 316.875 0.477 4 2003 8 317.355 0.360 3 2003 9 317.372 0.367 5 2003 10 317.529 0.371 4 2003 11 317.676 0.327 2 2003 12 317.943 0.467 4 2004 1 317.074 0.491 3 2004 2 316.659 0.764 5 2004 3 317.348 0.782 3 2004 4 317.966 0.585 4 2004 5 317.821 0.566 4 2004 6 317.684 0.557 5 2004 7 318.122 0.437 4 2004 8 317.619 0.450 5 2004 9 317.652 0.615 4 2004 10 318.173 0.477 4 2004 11 319.103 0.763 5 2004 12 318.361 0.520 4 2005 1 318.930 0.480 4 2005 2 318.858 0.537 5 2005 3 318.898 0.356 3 2005 4 318.741 0.461 4 2005 5 318.973 0.531 5 2005 6 319.115 0.752 4 2005 7 318.978 0.975 5 2005 8 318.944 0.507 4 2005 9 319.155 0.377 4 2005 10 319.437 0.722 5 2005 11 319.511 0.663 4 2005 12 319.483 0.669 3 2006 1 320.105 0.367 5 2006 2 319.971 0.351 4 2006 3 319.510 0.430 4 2006 4 320.254 0.865 5 2006 5 319.707 0.630 4 2006 6 320.280 0.511 4 2006 7 320.073 0.483 4 2006 8 319.984 0.818 4 2006 9 319.887 0.596 4 2006 10 319.691 0.537 5 2006 11 320.297 0.594 4 2006 12 319.979 0.473 4 2007 1 320.204 0.560 4 2007 2 320.851 0.658 4 2007 3 320.873 0.532 4 2007 4 320.769 0.870 5 2007 5 319.753 0.669 4 2007 6 319.989 0.556 4 2007 7 320.024 0.423 4 2007 8 320.808 0.398 4 2007 9 320.971 0.338 4 2007 10 321.130 0.440 4 2007 11 320.872 0.605 4 2007 12 320.571 0.403 5 2008 1 320.756 0.577 4 2008 2 320.806 0.376 4 2008 3 320.907 0.323 5 2008 4 320.898 0.534 4 2008 5 320.830 0.668 4 2008 6 321.188 0.670 4 2008 7 320.940 0.454 4 2008 8 320.748 0.454 4 2008 9 322.136 0.463 5 2008 10 321.888 0.443 4 2008 11 321.911 0.583 3 2008 12 322.315 0.493 5 2009 1 321.749 0.710 4 2009 2 321.909 0.408 5 2009 3 322.219 0.683 3 2009 4 322.050 0.392 5 2009 5 322.259 0.523 3 2009 6 322.377 0.519 5 2009 7 322.781 0.506 4 2009 8 322.557 0.563 5 2009 9 322.267 0.402 4 2009 10 322.479 0.494 4 2009 11 322.792 0.465 5 2009 12 322.682 0.556 4 2010 1 322.882 0.504 3 2010 2 323.315 0.544 5 2010 3 323.641 0.455 4 2010 4 322.706 0.600 4 2010 5 322.345 0.368 5 2010 6 323.076 0.458 4 2010 7 323.374 0.499 4 2010 8 322.220 0.417 5 2010 9 322.978 0.644 4 2010 10 324.324 0.438 4 2010 11 323.481 0.392 3 2010 12 324.120 0.437 4 2011 1 324.363 0.479 3 2011 2 324.174 0.408 4 2011 3 324.251 0.410 5 2011 4 324.776 0.571 4 2011 5 324.169 0.400 5 2011 6 323.863 0.756 4 2011 7 324.162 0.622 4 2011 8 324.113 0.587 5 2011 9 324.335 0.417 4 2011 10 324.854 0.599 4 2011 11 324.719 0.592 4 2011 12 325.532 0.484 4 2012 1 325.267 0.493 4 2012 2 325.110 0.604 5 2012 3 325.022 0.480 3 2012 4 325.588 0.420 5 2012 5 324.814 0.532 4 2012 6 325.221 0.602 4 2012 7 324.696 0.408 5 2012 8 325.252 0.497 4 2012 9 325.448 0.493 2 2012 10 325.325 0.659 4 2012 11 325.285 0.473 4 2012 12 325.394 0.447 4 2013 1 325.550 0.588 4 2013 2 325.935 0.785 2 2013 3 326.121 0.493 4 2013 4 325.582 0.346 3 2013 5 326.300 0.575 3 2013 6 326.412 0.768 3 2013 7 326.276 0.598 5 2013 8 327.062 1.767 2 2013 9 nan nan 0 2013 10 nan nan 0 2013 11 nan nan 0 2013 12 nan nan 0 2014 1 nan nan 0 2014 2 nan nan 0 2014 3 nan nan 0 2014 4 nan nan 0 2014 5 nan nan 0 2014 6 nan nan 0 2014 7 nan nan 0 2014 8 nan nan 0 2014 9 nan nan 0 2014 10 nan nan 0 2014 11 nan nan 0 2014 12 nan nan 0 2015 1 nan nan 0 2015 2 nan nan 0 2015 3 nan nan 0 2015 4 nan nan 0 2015 5 nan nan 0 2015 6 nan nan 0 2015 7 nan nan 0 2015 8 nan nan 0 2015 9 nan nan 0 2015 10 nan nan 0 2015 11 nan nan 0 2015 12 nan nan 0 2016 1 nan nan 0 2016 2 nan nan 0 2016 3 nan nan 0 2016 4 nan nan 0 2016 5 nan nan 0 2016 6 nan nan 0 2016 7 nan nan 0 2016 8 nan nan 0 2016 9 nan nan 0 2016 10 nan nan 0 2016 11 nan nan 0 2016 12 nan nan 0