# file: psa_N2O_MM.dat # # Atmospheric measurements of N2O (Nitrous Oxide) # # Measurements are from the NOAA/ESRL/GMD/HATS flask program # (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/flask/flasks.html). # Instrument ID: Otto # # Location: PSA -- Palmer Station, Antarctica -- 64.92 S, 64.00 W, 10 m Elev. # See http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/site/site_table.html#hats_flask for # more information about flask sampling sites. # # The data reported are from samples collected approximately once per week in # matching, concurrent, flask pairs and later analyzed on a gas chromatograph # with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) located in Boulder, Colorado, USA. # This system uses two standard reference gases for calibration and has been # in operation since very early in 1995. # # A known, systematic, low-side bias in the N2O measurements performed on Otto # has largely been eliminated since January of 2009. Prior to this date, # offsets are added to these flask data for the purpose of combining them with # baseline N2O data from other monitoring systems (see # http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/ combined/N2O.html). The offsets -- 1.3 ppb # at Samoa and 0.6 ppb elsewhere -- were determined in reference to CATS data # (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/ insitu/cats) but have not been applied to # the Otto data reported here. # # These data represent monthly mean estimates computed using those data marked # with a 0 in flag column 7 of the companion file named "psa_N2O_All.dat". With # flask samples collected only weekly on average, monthly sampling statistics # are poor at best. As a result, the error reported is either the standard # deviation of the mean or a floor single-sample precision estimate. # # PIs: Dr. James W. Elkins, Dr. Bradley D. Hall, # Debra J. Mondeel, J. David Nance # # National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) # Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) # 325 Broadway, R/GMD1 # Boulder, CO 80305-3328 # # Email: James.W.Elkins@noaa.gov; Bradley.Hall@noaa.gov # Phone: (303) 497-6224 (303) 497-7011 # # Email: Debra.J.Mondeel@noaa.gov; David.Nance@noaa.gov # Phone: (303) 497-6013 (303) 497-7002 # # Fax: (303) 497-6290 # # Data use policy: # If you use this data in a publication or report, we would appreciate that you # contact the principal investigators (PIs) first and discuss your interests. # The PIs can discuss the quality of the data and any potential problems with # its analysis. Please contact the PIs for more information. The data should # be cited in presentations or publications along the following lines: Nitrous Oxide # data from the NOAA/ESRL halocarbons flask program. # # Calibration scale: NOAA 2006A # See http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccl/scales.html for more information about # calibration scales. # # Units: ppb # # Missing value: "nan" # # Data Columns: # yr Year # mon Month # m Monthly mean concentration of N2O in ppb # sd Standard deviation of the mean (or single-sample precision value) # n Number of samples # N2OottoPSAyr N2OottoPSAmon N2OottoPSAm N2OottoPSAsd N2OottoPSAn 2001 1 nan nan 0 2001 2 nan nan 0 2001 3 314.430 0.526 1 2001 4 314.730 0.392 1 2001 5 314.673 0.339 2 2001 6 314.731 0.466 2 2001 7 315.240 0.601 1 2001 8 315.746 0.491 2 2001 9 315.933 0.305 2 2001 10 315.874 0.310 2 2001 11 316.005 0.778 2 2001 12 315.497 0.338 2 2002 1 316.190 0.677 1 2002 2 315.982 0.664 2 2002 3 316.500 0.381 1 2002 4 315.598 0.520 2 2002 5 315.480 0.460 1 2002 6 315.945 0.449 2 2002 7 315.546 0.243 2 2002 8 316.032 0.672 2 2002 9 316.470 0.499 1 2002 10 316.515 0.321 2 2002 11 315.092 0.250 2 2002 12 315.560 0.320 1 2003 1 316.050 0.462 1 2003 2 315.730 0.469 1 2003 3 315.698 0.351 2 2003 4 315.808 0.539 2 2003 5 315.757 0.437 2 2003 6 315.837 0.311 3 2003 7 315.940 0.352 1 2003 8 316.716 0.545 2 2003 9 316.402 0.770 2 2003 10 317.060 0.442 1 2003 11 316.659 0.343 2 2003 12 316.929 0.415 2 2004 1 317.338 0.263 3 2004 2 316.880 0.543 2 2004 3 316.786 0.511 2 2004 4 316.477 0.430 3 2004 5 316.635 0.530 2 2004 6 316.344 0.460 3 2004 7 316.388 0.444 4 2004 8 316.681 0.585 2 2004 9 317.000 0.582 2 2004 10 317.379 0.333 2 2004 11 317.322 0.386 2 2004 12 317.442 0.403 2 2005 1 317.811 0.451 2 2005 2 317.247 0.540 3 2005 3 316.811 0.821 2 2005 4 316.807 0.495 2 2005 5 317.439 0.609 2 2005 6 316.894 0.503 2 2005 7 317.329 1.696 2 2005 8 317.577 0.448 3 2005 9 317.767 0.451 2 2005 10 317.951 0.589 2 2005 11 318.128 0.855 2 2005 12 317.952 0.490 2 2006 1 318.299 0.320 2 2006 2 318.420 0.377 3 2006 3 318.317 0.562 2 2006 4 318.110 0.905 1 2006 5 318.116 0.561 2 2006 6 318.376 0.543 2 2006 7 317.900 0.459 3 2006 8 317.890 0.362 1 2006 9 318.520 0.524 1 2006 10 318.680 0.462 2 2006 11 318.460 0.785 1 2006 12 318.780 0.565 1 2007 1 nan nan 0 2007 2 318.817 0.631 2 2007 3 318.715 0.846 2 2007 4 318.460 0.650 1 2007 5 319.098 0.328 2 2007 6 319.226 0.526 2 2007 7 319.510 0.786 1 2007 8 319.767 0.481 2 2007 9 319.330 0.519 2 2007 10 319.652 0.476 2 2007 11 319.847 0.955 2 2007 12 320.146 0.446 3 2008 1 320.425 0.575 2 2008 2 320.195 0.808 2 2008 3 320.062 0.566 2 2008 4 319.844 0.905 2 2008 5 319.400 0.647 1 2008 6 320.388 0.637 3 2008 7 320.466 0.441 2 2008 8 320.410 0.362 1 2008 9 320.933 0.502 2 2008 10 320.892 0.496 2 2008 11 320.839 0.454 2 2008 12 320.712 0.378 2 2009 1 321.000 0.687 1 2009 2 320.498 0.515 2 2009 3 nan nan 0 2009 4 320.552 0.461 2 2009 5 320.360 0.469 1 2009 6 320.723 0.736 2 2009 7 320.620 0.478 2 2009 8 320.983 0.362 2 2009 9 321.212 0.508 2 2009 10 321.852 0.518 2 2009 11 nan nan 0 2009 12 321.896 0.413 2 2010 1 321.610 0.606 1 2010 2 321.820 0.732 1 2010 3 321.630 0.701 1 2010 4 322.076 0.318 2 2010 5 322.106 0.638 3 2010 6 322.019 0.532 2 2010 7 322.233 0.276 2 2010 8 322.150 0.451 1 2010 9 322.583 0.505 2 2010 10 322.240 0.410 1 2010 11 322.385 0.601 3 2010 12 322.820 1.094 1 2011 1 322.750 0.681 1 2011 2 322.798 0.556 2 2011 3 322.670 0.591 2 2011 4 322.728 0.526 3 2011 5 322.509 0.424 2 2011 6 322.736 0.530 2 2011 7 322.762 0.417 2 2011 8 322.675 0.484 2 2011 9 323.198 0.488 2 2011 10 323.325 0.566 2 2011 11 323.991 0.572 2 2011 12 323.831 0.739 2 2012 1 323.649 0.518 2 2012 2 323.514 0.518 2 2012 3 nan nan 0 2012 4 323.540 0.551 2 2012 5 nan nan 0 2012 6 nan nan 0 2012 7 nan nan 0 2012 8 nan nan 0 2012 9 nan nan 0 2012 10 nan nan 0 2012 11 nan nan 0 2012 12 nan nan 0 2013 1 nan nan 0 2013 2 nan nan 0 2013 3 nan nan 0 2013 4 nan nan 0 2013 5 nan nan 0 2013 6 nan nan 0 2013 7 nan nan 0 2013 8 nan nan 0 2013 9 nan nan 0 2013 10 nan nan 0 2013 11 nan nan 0 2013 12 nan nan 0 2014 1 nan nan 0 2014 2 nan nan 0 2014 3 nan nan 0 2014 4 nan nan 0 2014 5 nan nan 0 2014 6 nan nan 0 2014 7 nan nan 0 2014 8 nan nan 0 2014 9 nan nan 0 2014 10 nan nan 0 2014 11 nan nan 0 2014 12 nan nan 0 2015 1 nan nan 0 2015 2 nan nan 0 2015 3 nan nan 0 2015 4 nan nan 0 2015 5 nan nan 0 2015 6 nan nan 0 2015 7 nan nan 0 2015 8 nan nan 0 2015 9 nan nan 0 2015 10 nan nan 0 2015 11 nan nan 0 2015 12 nan nan 0 2016 1 nan nan 0 2016 2 nan nan 0 2016 3 nan nan 0 2016 4 nan nan 0 2016 5 nan nan 0 2016 6 nan nan 0 2016 7 nan nan 0 2016 8 nan nan 0 2016 9 nan nan 0 2016 10 nan nan 0 2016 11 nan nan 0 2016 12 nan nan 0