# file: spo_N2O_MM.dat # # Atmospheric measurements of N2O (Nitrous Oxide) # # Measurements are from the NOAA/ESRL/GMD/HATS flask program # (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/flask/flasks.html). # Instrument ID: Otto # # Location: SPO -- South Pole, Antarctica -- 89.98 S, 24.80 W, 2810 m Elev. # See http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/site/site_table.html#hats_flask for # more information about flask sampling sites. # # The data reported are from samples collected approximately once per week in # matching, concurrent, flask pairs and later analyzed on a gas chromatograph # with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) located in Boulder, Colorado, USA. # This system uses two standard reference gases for calibration and has been # in operation since very early in 1995. # # A known, systematic, low-side bias in the N2O measurements performed on Otto # has largely been eliminated since January of 2009. Prior to this date, # offsets are added to these flask data for the purpose of combining them with # baseline N2O data from other monitoring systems (see # http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/ combined/N2O.html). The offsets -- 1.3 ppb # at Samoa and 0.6 ppb elsewhere -- were determined in reference to CATS data # (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/ insitu/cats) but have not been applied to # the Otto data reported here. # # These data represent monthly mean estimates computed using those data marked # with a 0 in flag column 7 of the companion file named "spo_N2O_All.dat". With # flask samples collected only weekly on average, monthly sampling statistics # are poor at best. As a result, the error reported is either the standard # deviation of the mean or a floor single-sample precision estimate. # # PIs: Dr. James W. Elkins, Dr. Bradley D. Hall, # Debra J. Mondeel, J. David Nance # # National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) # Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) # 325 Broadway, R/GMD1 # Boulder, CO 80305-3328 # # Email: James.W.Elkins@noaa.gov; Bradley.Hall@noaa.gov # Phone: (303) 497-6224 (303) 497-7011 # # Email: Debra.J.Mondeel@noaa.gov; David.Nance@noaa.gov # Phone: (303) 497-6013 (303) 497-7002 # # Fax: (303) 497-6290 # # Data use policy: # If you use this data in a publication or report, we would appreciate that you # contact the principal investigators (PIs) first and discuss your interests. # The PIs can discuss the quality of the data and any potential problems with # its analysis. Please contact the PIs for more information. The data should # be cited in presentations or publications along the following lines: Nitrous Oxide # data from the NOAA/ESRL halocarbons flask program. # # Calibration scale: NOAA 2006A # See http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccl/scales.html for more information about # calibration scales. # # Units: ppb # # Missing value: "nan" # # Data Columns: # yr Year # mon Month # m Monthly mean concentration of N2O in ppb # sd Standard deviation of the mean (or single-sample precision value) # n Number of samples # N2OottoSPOyr N2OottoSPOmon N2OottoSPOm N2OottoSPOsd N2OottoSPOn 1995 1 309.940 1.988 1 1995 2 310.370 1.236 1 1995 3 309.192 0.761 2 1995 4 309.440 0.774 1 1995 5 309.160 0.967 1 1995 6 nan nan 0 1995 7 309.520 1.152 1 1995 8 310.630 0.855 1 1995 9 309.980 0.896 1 1995 10 nan nan 0 1995 11 310.046 1.043 3 1995 12 310.260 0.854 1 1996 1 310.970 2.844 1 1996 2 309.706 0.742 2 1996 3 nan nan 0 1996 4 310.542 0.487 2 1996 5 311.000 0.815 1 1996 6 310.782 0.559 3 1996 7 310.550 0.764 1 1996 8 310.516 0.983 2 1996 9 310.919 0.521 3 1996 10 311.360 0.865 1 1996 11 310.901 0.511 2 1996 12 311.231 0.659 2 1997 1 311.448 0.686 2 1997 2 311.546 0.420 2 1997 3 310.890 0.486 1 1997 4 311.396 0.276 2 1997 5 311.223 0.499 2 1997 6 311.190 0.682 2 1997 7 311.420 0.634 1 1997 8 311.240 0.929 1 1997 9 311.430 0.420 1 1997 10 311.560 0.611 1 1997 11 nan nan 0 1997 12 311.920 0.471 1 1998 1 nan nan 0 1998 2 311.842 0.536 3 1998 3 311.851 0.580 2 1998 4 nan nan 0 1998 5 312.075 0.397 3 1998 6 311.976 0.345 2 1998 7 312.650 0.232 2 1998 8 312.060 0.496 1 1998 9 312.709 0.404 2 1998 10 313.055 0.496 3 1998 11 nan nan 0 1998 12 313.790 1.015 1 1999 1 313.280 0.361 1 1999 2 313.003 0.507 3 1999 3 313.260 0.553 1 1999 4 312.802 0.707 2 1999 5 313.250 0.840 1 1999 6 313.053 0.413 3 1999 7 313.780 0.455 1 1999 8 313.007 0.277 2 1999 9 313.349 0.357 2 1999 10 313.515 0.572 2 1999 11 313.705 0.434 2 1999 12 313.386 0.346 2 2000 1 313.635 0.226 2 2000 2 313.757 0.718 2 2000 3 313.872 0.623 2 2000 4 314.420 2.288 1 2000 5 312.520 0.853 1 2000 6 313.140 0.498 2 2000 7 314.356 0.606 2 2000 8 313.643 0.447 2 2000 9 314.410 0.601 1 2000 10 314.690 0.479 1 2000 11 314.270 0.441 2 2000 12 314.451 0.561 2 2001 1 314.591 0.605 2 2001 2 314.052 0.747 3 2001 3 313.299 0.389 2 2001 4 313.785 0.778 2 2001 5 314.492 0.408 2 2001 6 313.720 0.587 2 2001 7 314.722 0.592 2 2001 8 314.062 0.459 2 2001 9 314.337 0.601 2 2001 10 315.274 0.693 2 2001 11 315.044 0.581 3 2001 12 315.964 0.431 2 2002 1 315.838 0.402 3 2002 2 315.736 0.462 3 2002 3 315.058 0.629 2 2002 4 314.699 0.424 2 2002 5 315.882 0.633 2 2002 6 315.632 0.605 3 2002 7 315.747 0.290 2 2002 8 316.097 0.522 3 2002 9 316.307 0.471 3 2002 10 316.540 0.433 3 2002 11 315.494 0.643 2 2002 12 315.512 0.375 2 2003 1 315.156 1.294 2 2003 2 314.881 0.559 3 2003 3 315.454 0.650 3 2003 4 315.786 0.254 3 2003 5 316.011 0.433 3 2003 6 316.131 0.582 3 2003 7 316.033 0.540 3 2003 8 316.300 0.290 3 2003 9 316.486 0.247 3 2003 10 316.891 0.336 3 2003 11 316.675 0.419 4 2003 12 316.004 0.344 3 2004 1 316.602 0.408 3 2004 2 316.634 0.408 3 2004 3 316.492 0.390 3 2004 4 316.449 0.714 3 2004 5 316.298 0.566 3 2004 6 316.459 0.454 3 2004 7 316.330 0.796 2 2004 8 316.693 0.401 3 2004 9 317.065 0.576 2 2004 10 316.740 0.493 3 2004 11 316.997 0.563 3 2004 12 317.241 0.606 3 2005 1 316.821 0.524 2 2005 2 317.019 0.672 2 2005 3 316.589 0.648 3 2005 4 316.671 0.766 3 2005 5 316.907 0.588 3 2005 6 316.884 0.569 3 2005 7 316.945 0.830 2 2005 8 317.569 0.599 3 2005 9 317.734 0.509 3 2005 10 317.650 0.486 3 2005 11 318.010 0.509 3 2005 12 318.481 0.777 4 2006 1 318.146 0.467 5 2006 2 318.264 0.414 3 2006 3 317.904 0.654 3 2006 4 317.989 0.595 3 2006 5 317.862 0.547 3 2006 6 318.022 0.477 3 2006 7 318.245 0.462 2 2006 8 318.440 0.467 3 2006 9 318.413 0.652 3 2006 10 318.723 0.502 3 2006 11 318.767 0.526 3 2006 12 318.773 0.441 3 2007 1 318.865 0.562 3 2007 2 318.238 0.601 2 2007 3 317.977 0.459 3 2007 4 317.939 0.821 3 2007 5 317.715 0.544 2 2007 6 318.019 0.650 4 2007 7 318.040 0.504 3 2007 8 318.737 0.458 4 2007 9 318.700 0.537 1 2007 10 319.123 0.472 3 2007 11 319.313 0.355 3 2007 12 319.484 0.415 3 2008 1 319.429 0.436 4 2008 2 319.912 0.482 3 2008 3 319.525 0.705 3 2008 4 319.227 0.440 3 2008 5 319.342 0.561 3 2008 6 319.862 0.571 4 2008 7 319.681 0.564 3 2008 8 320.122 0.421 3 2008 9 320.208 0.283 3 2008 10 320.228 0.532 4 2008 11 320.455 0.554 3 2008 12 320.384 0.307 3 2009 1 320.182 0.400 4 2009 2 320.767 0.361 4 2009 3 320.145 0.350 3 2009 4 320.413 0.454 4 2009 5 320.232 0.481 2 2009 6 320.446 0.407 4 2009 7 320.441 0.349 3 2009 8 321.063 0.353 4 2009 9 321.038 0.466 3 2009 10 320.982 0.455 3 2009 11 321.730 0.410 4 2009 12 321.349 0.391 4 2010 1 321.498 0.405 2 2010 2 321.461 0.589 3 2010 3 321.329 0.579 3 2010 4 321.406 0.423 3 2010 5 321.302 0.502 3 2010 6 321.570 0.438 4 2010 7 321.975 0.446 3 2010 8 322.137 0.704 3 2010 9 322.156 0.473 3 2010 10 322.470 0.448 4 2010 11 322.286 0.576 3 2010 12 322.450 0.247 4 2011 1 322.428 0.535 2 2011 2 322.729 0.549 4 2011 3 323.147 0.650 3 2011 4 322.710 0.771 3 2011 5 323.143 0.864 2 2011 6 323.184 0.403 3 2011 7 323.312 0.427 3 2011 8 323.691 0.559 4 2011 9 323.896 0.550 3 2011 10 323.516 0.570 4 2011 11 323.393 0.395 3 2011 12 323.634 0.512 4 2012 1 323.765 0.566 3 2012 2 323.339 0.506 4 2012 3 323.370 0.630 3 2012 4 323.285 0.576 3 2012 5 323.819 0.547 2 2012 6 323.582 0.471 3 2012 7 323.585 0.470 3 2012 8 324.019 0.699 2 2012 9 324.303 0.322 3 2012 10 324.666 0.490 3 2012 11 324.641 0.451 2 2012 12 324.293 1.113 2 2013 1 324.610 0.746 1 2013 2 nan nan 0 2013 3 nan nan 0 2013 4 nan nan 0 2013 5 nan nan 0 2013 6 nan nan 0 2013 7 nan nan 0 2013 8 nan nan 0 2013 9 nan nan 0 2013 10 nan nan 0 2013 11 nan nan 0 2013 12 nan nan 0 2014 1 nan nan 0 2014 2 nan nan 0 2014 3 nan nan 0 2014 4 nan nan 0 2014 5 nan nan 0 2014 6 nan nan 0 2014 7 nan nan 0 2014 8 nan nan 0 2014 9 nan nan 0 2014 10 nan nan 0 2014 11 nan nan 0 2014 12 nan nan 0 2015 1 nan nan 0 2015 2 nan nan 0 2015 3 nan nan 0 2015 4 nan nan 0 2015 5 nan nan 0 2015 6 nan nan 0 2015 7 nan nan 0 2015 8 nan nan 0 2015 9 nan nan 0 2015 10 nan nan 0 2015 11 nan nan 0 2015 12 nan nan 0 2016 1 nan nan 0 2016 2 nan nan 0 2016 3 nan nan 0 2016 4 nan nan 0 2016 5 nan nan 0 2016 6 nan nan 0 2016 7 nan nan 0 2016 8 nan nan 0 2016 9 nan nan 0 2016 10 nan nan 0 2016 11 nan nan 0 2016 12 nan nan 0