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Natural (biosphere + ocean + fire) flux · PgC yr−1
Ensemble mean ± 1σ. Full (grey) = each run's own record; Common = both runs, shared years (2001–2020). Δ = Run 2 − Run 1; σ sep = |Δ| in combined 1σ. 2000 excluded as spin-up (First year).
Δ < 0 (Run 2 lower) Δ > 0 (Run 2 higher) |Δ| > 0.2 flagged ≥ 1σ apart = bold (well separated)
↗ Click any region name to open its flux time series.
Region Full timespanexcl. 2000 Common timespan2001–2020
CT20262001–2025 CT20222001–2020 CT20262001–2020 CT20222001–2020 ΔRun 2 − Run 1 σ sep
Global totalsCT2026 fullCT2022 fullCT2026 commonCT2022 commonΔσ sep
Global-4.43± 1.75-4.05± 1.64-4.24± 1.70-4.05± 1.64+0.190.1σ
All Land-2.62± 1.55-1.00± 1.20-2.53± 1.51-1.00± 1.20+1.530.8σ
All Ocean-1.81± 0.90-3.06± 1.22-1.71± 0.88-3.06± 1.22-1.350.9σ
Land regionsCT2026 fullCT2022 fullCT2026 commonCT2022 commonΔσ sep
North American Boreal-0.22± 0.56-0.25± 0.52-0.26± 0.55-0.25± 0.52+0.000.0σ
North American Temperate-0.45± 0.48-0.41± 0.50-0.45± 0.47-0.41± 0.50+0.040.1σ
South American Tropical-0.02± 0.760.24± 0.66-0.05± 0.750.24± 0.66+0.290.3σ
South American Temperate-0.70± 0.81-0.03± 0.60-0.71± 0.79-0.03± 0.60+0.690.7σ
Northern Africa0.74± 1.11-0.14± 0.590.78± 1.11-0.14± 0.59-0.920.7σ
Southern Africa0.05± 0.780.32± 0.490.10± 0.770.32± 0.49+0.230.2σ
Eurasia Boreal-0.73± 1.02-0.68± 0.84-0.62± 0.93-0.68± 0.84-0.060.0σ
Eurasia Temperate-0.77± 1.08-0.21± 0.68-0.85± 1.07-0.21± 0.68+0.640.5σ
Tropical Asia-0.10± 0.540.19± 0.37-0.07± 0.520.19± 0.37+0.260.4σ
Australia0.01± 0.390.02± 0.320.04± 0.380.02± 0.32-0.020.0σ
Europe-0.43± 0.95-0.05± 0.78-0.43± 0.95-0.05± 0.78+0.380.3σ
Ocean regionsCT2026 fullCT2022 fullCT2026 commonCT2022 commonΔσ sep
North Pacific Temperate-0.52± 0.65-0.68± 0.86-0.48± 0.64-0.68± 0.86-0.200.2σ
West Pacific Tropical-0.02± 0.28-0.02± 0.34-0.03± 0.28-0.02± 0.34+0.010.0σ
East Pacific Tropical0.33± 0.490.48± 0.670.33± 0.480.48± 0.67+0.160.2σ
South Pacific Temperate-0.31± 0.47-0.46± 0.63-0.29± 0.46-0.46± 0.63-0.170.2σ
Northern Ocean-0.26± 0.45-0.46± 0.70-0.27± 0.45-0.46± 0.70-0.190.2σ
North Atlantic Temperate-0.27± 0.51-0.45± 0.72-0.26± 0.50-0.45± 0.72-0.190.2σ
Atlantic Tropical0.07± 0.300.08± 0.490.07± 0.310.08± 0.49+0.010.0σ
South Atlantic Temperate-0.32± 0.37-0.49± 0.50-0.33± 0.35-0.49± 0.50-0.160.3σ
Southern Ocean-0.33± 0.44-0.51± 0.66-0.29± 0.43-0.51± 0.66-0.230.3σ
Indian Tropical0.09± 0.410.06± 0.540.09± 0.400.06± 0.54-0.030.0σ
South Indian Temperate-0.28± 0.40-0.61± 0.60-0.26± 0.38-0.61± 0.60-0.350.5σ
Aggregated & other (62)CT2026 fullCT2022 fullCT2026 commonCT2022 commonΔσ sep
Latitude bands (9)
Northern Land-2.60± 1.38-1.60± 1.05-2.61± 1.33-1.60± 1.05+1.000.6σ
Northern Oceans-1.05± 0.78-1.59± 1.03-1.02± 0.77-1.59± 1.03-0.580.4σ
Northern-3.65± 1.56-3.20± 1.40-3.62± 1.50-3.20± 1.40+0.430.2σ
Tropical Land0.62± 1.090.29± 0.780.66± 1.090.29± 0.78-0.360.3σ
Tropical Ocean0.47± 0.590.61± 0.800.46± 0.570.61± 0.80+0.150.1σ
Tropical1.09± 1.200.90± 1.051.12± 1.200.90± 1.05-0.220.1σ
Southern Land-0.65± 0.980.31± 0.70-0.58± 0.960.31± 0.70+0.890.8σ
Ocean in South-1.23± 0.59-2.07± 0.87-1.15± 0.57-2.07± 0.87-0.920.9σ
Southern-1.87± 1.13-1.76± 1.09-1.73± 1.11-1.76± 1.09-0.020.0σ
Ocean basins & continents (6)
Americas-1.39± 0.94-0.45± 0.83-1.47± 0.92-0.45± 0.83+1.020.8σ
Atlantic and Arctic-0.79± 0.62-1.32± 0.91-0.79± 0.61-1.32± 0.91-0.530.5σ
Eurasia and Africa0.36± 1.340.13± 0.870.45± 1.350.13± 0.87-0.310.2σ
Indian Ocean-0.19± 0.50-0.55± 0.71-0.16± 0.48-0.55± 0.71-0.380.4σ
Asia-1.59± 1.28-0.68± 0.93-1.51± 1.22-0.68± 0.93+0.820.5σ
Pacific Ocean-0.51± 0.76-0.68± 0.98-0.47± 0.74-0.68± 0.98-0.200.2σ
Derived combinations (19)
North America-0.67± 0.64-0.66± 0.62-0.71± 0.63-0.66± 0.62+0.050.1σ
Extratropical Eurasia-1.93± 1.36-0.94± 1.02-1.90± 1.30-0.94± 1.02+0.960.6σ
Temperate Northern Ocean-0.79± 0.74-1.13± 0.95-0.74± 0.73-1.13± 0.95-0.390.3σ
Temperate Southern Ocean-0.90± 0.55-1.56± 0.78-0.87± 0.53-1.56± 0.78-0.690.7σ
Tropical and Southern Land-0.03± 1.280.61± 0.920.08± 1.260.61± 0.92+0.530.3σ
Tropical Pacific0.31± 0.510.47± 0.700.30± 0.500.47± 0.70+0.170.2σ
Temperate Oceans-1.69± 0.80-2.69± 1.05-1.61± 0.78-2.69± 1.05-1.080.8σ
High Latitude Oceans-0.59± 0.53-0.98± 0.84-0.56± 0.52-0.98± 0.84-0.420.4σ
Extratropical Oceans-2.28± 0.83-3.67± 1.16-2.17± 0.82-3.67± 1.16-1.491.1σ
Tropical and Southern Oceans-0.76± 0.71-1.46± 1.01-0.69± 0.69-1.46± 1.01-0.770.6σ
Northern Boreal Land-0.95± 1.07-0.93± 0.87-0.87± 0.98-0.93± 0.87-0.060.0σ
Northern Temperate Land-1.64± 1.22-0.67± 0.91-1.73± 1.22-0.67± 0.91+1.060.7σ
Tropical land minus northern land0.62± 1.090.29± 0.780.66± 1.090.29± 0.78-0.360.3σ
High North Ocean and Boreal Land-1.21± 1.14-1.40± 1.06-1.14± 1.05-1.40± 1.06-0.250.2σ
Northern Temperate Land and Ocean-2.43± 1.40-1.80± 1.26-2.48± 1.39-1.80± 1.26+0.680.4σ
Southern Temperate Land and Ocean-1.55± 1.11-1.24± 1.03-1.45± 1.09-1.24± 1.03+0.210.1σ
Tropical and Southern Land and Ocean-0.78± 1.43-0.85± 1.31-0.61± 1.41-0.85± 1.31-0.240.1σ
Tropics and south minus north-0.78± 1.43-0.85± 1.31-0.61± 1.41-0.85± 1.31-0.240.1σ
Tropical and southern land minus northern land-0.03± 1.280.61± 0.920.08± 1.260.61± 0.92+0.530.3σ
TransCom (fine split) (10)
TransCom 03a: Northern Tropical South America-0.03± 0.460.05± 0.40-0.04± 0.450.05± 0.40+0.090.1σ
TransCom 03b: Southern Tropical South America0.02± 0.590.19± 0.51-0.01± 0.590.19± 0.51+0.200.3σ
TransCom 05a: Temperate Northern (north extratropical) Africa0.01± 0.25-0.03± 0.150.01± 0.25-0.03± 0.15-0.050.2σ
TransCom 05b: Northern Tropical Africa0.71± 1.09-0.11± 0.580.75± 1.09-0.11± 0.58-0.860.7σ
TransCom 06a: Southern Tropical Africa0.14± 0.730.35± 0.460.18± 0.710.35± 0.46+0.160.2σ
TransCom 06b: Temperate Southern (south extratropical) Africa-0.07± 0.27-0.01± 0.14-0.07± 0.26-0.01± 0.14+0.050.2σ
TransCom 09a: Northern Tropical Asia-0.05± 0.480.13± 0.31-0.04± 0.450.13± 0.31+0.170.3σ
TransCom 09b: Southern Tropical Asia-0.01± 0.260.07± 0.190.01± 0.250.07± 0.19+0.060.2σ
TransCom 10a: Tropical Australia0.04± 0.280.04± 0.210.06± 0.270.04± 0.21-0.020.1σ
TransCom 10b: Temperate Australia-0.04± 0.29-0.02± 0.24-0.02± 0.28-0.02± 0.240.000.0σ
Zonal bands (10)
ZB: Arctic-0.17± 0.59-0.28± 0.55-0.20± 0.59-0.28± 0.55-0.080.1σ
ZB: N. Midlatitudes-3.17± 1.46-2.73± 1.32-3.10± 1.40-2.73± 1.32+0.370.2σ
ZB: N. Tropics0.43± 1.14-0.09± 0.860.46± 1.14-0.09± 0.86-0.560.4σ
ZB: S. Tropics0.02± 0.970.98± 0.990.07± 0.950.98± 0.99+0.910.7σ
ZB: S. Midlatitudes-1.54± 0.75-1.91± 0.89-1.46± 0.73-1.91± 0.89-0.450.4σ
ZB: Antarctic-0.01± 0.15-0.02± 0.24-0.01± 0.15-0.02± 0.24-0.010.1σ
ZB: [90S-45S]-0.32± 0.43-0.48± 0.64-0.28± 0.42-0.48± 0.64-0.200.3σ
ZB: [45S-Equator]-1.21± 1.12-0.47± 1.15-1.12± 1.09-0.47± 1.15+0.650.4σ
ZB: [Equator-45N]-1.06± 1.42-1.37± 1.16-1.08± 1.40-1.37± 1.16-0.300.2σ
ZB: [45N-90N]-1.84± 1.27-1.73± 1.14-1.76± 1.19-1.73± 1.14+0.030.0σ
Special regions (4)
Nino3.40.05± 0.180.07± 0.250.04± 0.180.07± 0.25+0.020.1σ
Amazonia-0.12± 0.640.20± 0.57-0.15± 0.620.20± 0.57+0.340.4σ
East Asia-0.45± 0.73-0.16± 0.49-0.49± 0.72-0.16± 0.49+0.330.4σ
South Asia-0.24± 0.620.01± 0.32-0.27± 0.610.01± 0.32+0.270.4σ
Not optimized (1)
Not optimized0.00± 0.040.00± 0.060.00± 0.040.00± 0.060.000.0σ
Other regions (3)
Africa0.79± 1.220.19± 0.650.88± 1.220.19± 0.65-0.690.5σ
South America-0.72± 0.880.21± 0.78-0.76± 0.860.21± 0.78+0.980.8σ
ZB: Tropics0.45± 1.300.89± 1.150.53± 1.290.89± 1.15+0.360.2σ
Countries & groups (22)CT2026 fullCT2022 fullCT2026 commonCT2022 commonΔσ sep
Country-scale land biosphere fluxes from CarbonTracker are not considered reliable due to the coarse resolution of its ecoregions. As a result, we only show fluxes for countries withareas greater than about 2 million km2. Fossil fuel and fire fluxes from CarbonTracker are accurate because they do not suffer from this problem--they are directly extracted from the inventories being used.
Countries (15)
Algeria0.00± 0.13-0.01± 0.080.00± 0.13-0.01± 0.08-0.010.1σ
Argentina-0.22± 0.42-0.04± 0.33-0.22± 0.41-0.04± 0.33+0.180.4σ
Australia0.01± 0.390.00± 0.320.04± 0.380.00± 0.32-0.040.1σ
Brazil-0.36± 0.650.17± 0.56-0.37± 0.630.17± 0.56+0.540.6σ
Canada-0.31± 0.55-0.33± 0.52-0.35± 0.53-0.33± 0.52+0.020.0σ
China-0.39± 0.67-0.12± 0.43-0.42± 0.66-0.12± 0.43+0.300.4σ
Democratic Republic of the Congo0.12± 0.370.11± 0.250.13± 0.360.11± 0.25-0.010.0σ
Greenland-0.01± 0.08-0.01± 0.12-0.01± 0.08-0.01± 0.12-0.010.1σ
India-0.21± 0.590.01± 0.30-0.23± 0.590.01± 0.30+0.240.4σ
Indonesia-0.01± 0.290.08± 0.230.01± 0.280.08± 0.23+0.070.2σ
Kazakhstan-0.05± 0.34-0.04± 0.25-0.05± 0.34-0.04± 0.25+0.010.0σ
Mexico-0.03± 0.26-0.04± 0.25-0.03± 0.26-0.04± 0.25-0.010.0σ
Russian Federation-0.84± 1.04-0.70± 0.85-0.73± 0.95-0.70± 0.85+0.030.0σ
Saudi Arabia-0.01± 0.22-0.01± 0.16-0.01± 0.22-0.01± 0.160.000.0σ
United States of America-0.36± 0.42-0.35± 0.45-0.36± 0.41-0.35± 0.45+0.010.0σ
Country groups (7)
African Union0.69± 1.170.14± 0.630.77± 1.160.14± 0.63-0.630.5σ
Association of Southeast Asian Nations-0.01± 0.460.20± 0.340.01± 0.440.20± 0.34+0.180.3σ
D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation-0.03± 0.450.03± 0.33-0.02± 0.450.03± 0.33+0.050.1σ
European Union-0.21± 0.65-0.04± 0.55-0.21± 0.65-0.04± 0.55+0.170.2σ
Group of Seven-0.79± 0.67-0.72± 0.65-0.83± 0.65-0.72± 0.65+0.110.1σ
Group of Twenty-2.93± 1.30-1.40± 1.04-2.88± 1.23-1.40± 1.04+1.490.9σ
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development-1.01± 0.80-0.82± 0.75-1.03± 0.78-0.82± 0.75+0.210.2σ

Region name → per-region flux time series. σ sep = |Δ| ÷ √(σ1222) — the separation between the two runs in combined standard deviations, treating each run's 1σ ensemble spread as independent (fossil & fire carry no spread, so it is undefined). Bold when ≥ 1σ.