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Mauna Loa, Hawaii, United States
Site Latitude | 19° 32' 10.32" N (19.53620 °N) | |||
Site Longitude | 155° 34' 34.68" W (-155.57630 °E) | |||
Site Elevation | 3397.0 masl | |||
Site code | MLO | |||
Dataset | co2_mlo_surface-flask_2_representative (GLOBALVIEW identifier MLO_02D0) | |||
Assimilated | Yes | |||
Selection scheme | Air samples are collected with the aim of characterising the background atmosphere free of any local human influences. Sampling is generally conducted in mid-morning (local time) during 'down-slope' air flow conditions. Where necessary, flags are applied to data that are not representative of either the background atmosphere or of the sampled air mass. | |||
Data provider | Paul Steele, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, Private Bag 1 (street address: 107-121 Station St.), Aspendale, Victoria 3195, Australia, and Paul Krummel, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, Private Bag 1 (street address: 107-121 Station St.), Aspendale, Victoria 3195, Australia, and Ray Langenfelds, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, Private Bag 1 (street address: 107-121 Station St.), Aspendale, Victoria 3195, Australia, and Marcel van der Schoot, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, Private Bag 1 (street address: 107-121 Station St.), Aspendale, Victoria 3195, Australia | |||
Laboratory |
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Download these data via ObsPack. |
(a) Time series of CO2 mole fractions, both simulated and observed, at this CarbonTracker observation site. In the top panel, measured mole fractions (open black circles) are plotted along with CarbonTracker simulated values (filled light blue circles). Any observations that CarbonTracker can not assimilate successfully are shown as filled red circles.
(b) The time series of model residuals--the difference between the simulated and measured mole fractions--shown with dark green filled circles. These residuals should be uncorrelated in time, unbiased (i.e., have a mean of zero), and distributed normally. Also shown in the lower panel is the imposed model-data mismatch ("MDM", orange lines), which in part defines the rejection criterion (see documentation). Any model first guess value which is more than three times the MDM away from zero, after accounting for potential adjustments to the simulated value due to optimizing fluxes, is rejected by the optimization system. Rejected values, if there are any, are shown with filled red circles.