THE NOAA CMDL TALL TOWER OBSERVING NETWORK: NEW RESULTS AND PLANNED EXPANSION
Description: The
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Climate Monitoring and
Diagnostics Laboratory has been working to build a network of tall tower
monitoring sites over the US
since the early 1990’s. Tall tower CO2 mixing ratio measurements are
sensitive to upwind fluxes over scales of hundreds of kilometers. Such
measurements therefore place strong constraints on estimates of regional scale
carbon budgets. We have used the Stochastic Time Inverted Lagrangian Transport
(STILT) model to evaluate the relative contributions of upwind sources and
sinks to simulated CO2 mixing ratios at existing and proposed new
tower sites. For example, sampling footprints from STILT have been combined
with estimates of hourly ecosystem CO2 fluxes from the Simple
Biosphere (SiB) model to investigate the spatiotemporal influence of different
biomes on observed CO2 concentrations at the towers. Contributions
of fossil fuel and oceanic CO2 fluxes can also be quantified using
this method.
Author's Names: A.E. Andrews, P.S. Bakwin, P.P. Tans, J. Kofler, C. Zhao, J.
Filesize: 96.36 Kb
Added on: 25-Jul-2005 Downloads: 50 Rating: 10 (1 Vote)
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THE IMPACT OF TRANSPORT AND ESTIMATION ERRORS ON THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INTERANNUAL CO2 FLUX...
Description: Transport-based
inversions of atmospheric CO2 concentration measurements have been
used by several groups [e.g., Bousquet, et al.,
2000; Rödenbeck, et al., 2003; Baker, et al., 2005] to estimate monthly regional CO2
fluxes from the 1980s to the present.
When compared at the scale of broad latitude bands, the inter-annual
variability (IAV) of these results is broadly consistent. This agreement breaks down, however, when the
fluxes are partitioned regionally inside these latitude bands, or even into
global land/ocean totals. We show here that this disagreement can largely be
explained by random estimation errors and transport model errors affecting the
estimates.
Author's Names: D.F. Baker, R. Law, and K.R. Gurney
Filesize: 197.31 Kb
Added on: 25-Jul-2005 Downloads: 37
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THE IMPACT OF REDUCED CARBON OXIDATION ON THE ATMOSPHERIC CO2 DISTRIBUTION: IMPLICATIONS FOR ...
Description:
We evaluate the impact on modeled atmospheric CO2
concentrations of explicitly representing the tropospheric CO2 source
from reduced carbon oxidation. We also calculate the bias in inverse flux
estimates that results from omitting this influence.
Author's Names: P. Suntharalingam, J.T. Randerson, N. Krakauer, et al
Filesize: 35.52 Kb
Added on: 08-Aug-2005 Downloads: 17
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THE EFFECT OF SEA-ICE GROWTH ON CO2 EXCHANGE BETWEEN THE SEA AND THE OVERLYING AIR ON THE BASIS ...
Description:
We have carried out the tank experiment
in the low-temperature room to clarify the CO2 gas exchange mechanism
between the sea and the overlying air during the sea-ice formation process. The
air CO2 concentration in the headspace of the tank began to increase
simultaneously with the sea-ice formation and growth. The CO2 flux
was with in the range from 2.1x10-4 to 4.5x10-4 g-C m-2
hour-1 at ice thickness of 5cm. The CO2 flux was
mainly dependent on the brine salinity in the upper layer of sea-ice, which
suggests that CO2 was released from the brine in the sea-ice, and
transported to the atmosphere.
Author's Names: D. Nomura, H. Yoshikawa-Inoue, and T. Toyota
Filesize: 60.69 Kb
Added on: 03-Aug-2005 Downloads: 18
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THE AOS ARCHIVE OF VERTICAL PROFILES OF CARBON DIOXIDE ABOVE ...
Description: Atmospheric Observing Systems, Inc. has developed a new
Airborne Analyzer System for autonomous observations of dry mole fraction of
Carbon Dioxide from light aircraft. AOS
presents an archive of more than 100 vertical profiles to prove its
performance. The observed site was Ameriflux (40.734N, 104.301W) in northern Colorado.
Author's Names: J.R. Smith, M. Follet, M. Hahn, and P. Tans
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Added on: 04-Aug-2005 Downloads: 17
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THE ANTHROPOGENIC AND BIOSPHERIC INFLUENCES ON THE CONCENTRATIONS OF CARBON DIOXIDE MEASURED AT ...
Description:
Mt. Cimone Observatory is a background station for the
measurement of greenhouse gases and other atmospheric pollutants located on the
top of the highest peak of the Italian Northern Appenines. Continuous
Measurements of atmospheric CO2 were started in March 1979 by the
Italian Air Force Meteorological Service using NDIR analysers. A number of case
studies are presented in order to show the influence of certain polluted or
vegetated areas on the concentration of carbon dioxide. Chemical tracers are
used to asses the origin of the air masses together with an analysis of the
back trajectories.
Author's Names: R. Santaguida and F de Nile
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Added on: 04-Aug-2005 Downloads: 19
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TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF THE ATMOSPHERIC CO2 CONCENTRATION IN THE SOUTHERNMOST PART OF JAPAN
Description:
To
examine concentration variations of atmospheric CO2 in the
sub-tropical region of East Asia, systematic air sampling with subsequent
laboratory analysis has been made in the southernmost part of Japan since June 1993. A time
series of measured CO2 concentrations was analyzed for long-term
trend, seasonal cycle and interannual variability, and the temporal CO2 variations deduced were interpreted in
terms of atmospheric transport and CO2 flux regions.
Author's Names: X. Zhang, T. Nakazawa, S. Aoki, S. Nakaoka, et al
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Added on: 09-Aug-2005 Downloads: 22
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TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF THE ATMOSPHERIC CO2 CONCENTRATION AND ISOTOPE RATIOS IN THE ARCTIC ...
Description:
Systematic observations of the
atmospheric CO2 concentration, and carbon and oxygen isotope ratios
of CO2 (d13C and d18O) have been maintained at Japanese Arctic Observatory
in Ny Ålesund (79°N, 12°E) and Antarctic station, Syowa (69°S, 40°E). The
interannual variations of the CO2 concentration and d13C in association with the occurrence of ENSO event were clearly observed at the both sites.
The d18O
values observed at Syowa Station showed significant increasing trend after
1999.
Author's Names: S. Morimoto, S. Aoki, T. Nakazawa, G. Hashida, et al
Filesize: 182.12 Kb
Added on: 02-Aug-2005 Downloads: 20
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TALL TOWER OBSERVATIONS OF GREENHOUSE GASES IN EUROPE: POSSIBILITIES FOR EMISSION VERIFICATION
Description: In the CHIOTTO project
(http://www.chiotto.org) as part of the CarboEurope cluster of projects
(http://www.carboeurope.org) a network of 8 tall tower stations has been set up
in Europe. Most towers are equipped for
continuous high precision measurements of ambient CO2, CH4,
CO and SF6. Some stations are also equipped for continuous
measurement of 222Rn and flask sampling. First measurement results
are presented and evaluated using forward and inverse model calculations.
Author's Names: A.T. Vermeulen, the CHIOTTO Team, and G. Pieterse
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Added on: 08-Aug-2005 Downloads: 18
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SYNOPTIC SCALE CO2 VARIABILITY SIMULATED WITH GLOBAL HIGH RESOLUTION ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT MODEL
Description:
We present a new version of the global
atmospheric tracer transport model driven by analyzed meteorology with
diurnally varying mixing in the boundary layer capable of running globally at
resolutions up to quarter degree longitude-latitude or higher. The impact of
the higher resolution model can be visible in resolving city plumes, airmass
boundaries, diurnal cycle, fronts and synoptic scale events often observed in
continuous CO2 monitoring site data.
Author's Names: S. Maksyutov, R. Onishi, G. Inoue, P.K. Patra, et al
Filesize: 53.22 Kb
Added on: 03-Aug-2005 Downloads: 29
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