Welcome to The 7th International CO2 Conference Web Site!

     Information
 
Overview
Conference
Themes
Conference
History
Scientific Tours
Press Contacts
Venue
Visas
Scientific
Committee
Planning
Committee
Poster
Information
Hosts
Sponsors
Supporting
Businesses
Download
Schedule
Charles Keeling
Tellus
Help

     Latest Comments
· Re: Conference Feedback
by Georgii.Alexandrov
· Re: Conference Feedback
by Peter.Koehler
· Re: Conference Feedback
by Ankur.Desai
· Re: Conference Feedback
by guest
· Re: Conference Feedback
by Steven.Oncley
· Re: THE CHANGING CARBON CYCLE
by Jose.Navar-Chaidez
· Re: PERSISTENCE OF NITROGEN LIMITATION OVER TERRESTRIAL CARBON UPTAKE
by Jose.Navar-Chaidez
· Re: SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF CO2, CH4 AND N2O FLUXES IN THE TERRESTRIAL ECOSY
by Georgii.Alexandrov
· Re: CLIMATE CHANGE: DESIGNING AN EFFECTIVE RESPONSE
by Connie.Uliasz
· Re: CLIMATE CHANGE: DESIGNING AN EFFECTIVE RESPONSE
by Jonathan.Callahan




[ Proceedings Main | Upload Proceeding | Popular ]

Most Popular - Top 25
Show Top: [ 10 - 25 - 50 | 1% - 5% - 10% ]


  MINERAL CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION: STILL A VIABLE OPTION  Popular
Description:

This paper provides background and summarizes evidence supporting the possibility of developing a low-cost mineral carbon dioxide sequestration technology.


Filesize: 19.09 Kb
Added on: 01-Aug-2005 Downloads: 294
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Managing the Carbon Cycle

  LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF CONTINUED CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSION TO THE ATMOSPHERE  Popular
Description:

Continued emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere will affect climate and ocean chemistry. These consequences can be anticipated by consideration of basic physical principles, past climates, and calculations. Emission of 5,000 PgC (= amount of carbon in conventional fossil-fuel resources) over a few centuries could produce radiative forcing of climate of about 10 W m­-2 which could be expected to produce global mean warming of ~4 to 12 °C. Warming in this range would have large biological and human consequences. It could threaten the ice sheets and lead to a long-term sea-level rise of 70 m. Ocean pH could decrease by 0.7 units, making the oceans more corrosive to carbonate minerals than they have been for many millions of years. From the perspective of geology and biological evolution, these changes would occur rapidly, overwhelming most natural processes that would buffer CO2 changes occurring over longer time intervals, and thus may produce changes at a rate and of a magnitude that exceed the adaptive capacity of at least some biological systems. To find comparable events in Earth history, we need to look back tens of millions of years to rare catastrophic events.


Filesize: 21.50 Kb
Added on: 27-Jul-2005 Downloads: 274
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details | Comments (1)
Category: Opening Talks

  IMPACT OF CLIMATE-CARBON CYCLE FEEDBACKS ON EMISSIONS SCENARIOS TO ACHIEVE STABILISATION  Popular
Description:

At present, approximately half of anthropogenic CO2 emissions are absorbed by the land and oceans [Jones and Cox, 2005], but climate changes may act to reduce this uptake, leading to higher CO2 levels for a given emission scenario [Cox et al., 2000, Friedlingstein et al., 2005, in prep.]. Less attention has been paid to the potential impact of carbon cycle feedbacks on the emissions reductions required to achieve stabilisation (the so called “permissible emissions”), although this is arguably more pertinent to the issue of avoiding dangerous climate change in the context of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change.


Filesize: 103.88 Kb
Added on: 29-Jul-2005 Downloads: 210
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Managing the Carbon Cycle

  GREENHOUSE GAS CO2, CH4 AND CLIMATE EVOLUTION SINCE 650KYRS DEDUCED FROM ANTARCTIC ICE CORES  Popular
Description:

Ice cores are unique archives of past climatic and atmospheric conditions through the isotopic composition of the ice and the analysis of the air bubbles trapped. In 1999 Petit et al published the reconstruction of the Antarctic climate and atmospheric composition over the last 420 000 years from the Vostok ice core. This record covered the last four glacial inter glacial cycles back to the end of the marine interstadial 11 (MIS 11). It has revealed the close relationship between the atmospheric part of the carbon cycle and the climate. With CO2 concentration oscillating between 180 and 280 ppmv during the last 4 climatic cycles. In a similar way the methane concentration followed closely temperature on glacial interglacial time scales, with millennial-scale structures during glacial times which appear out of phased with Antarctic temperature but, at least for the last glaciation, in phase with the Greenland rapid climatic oscillations, as revealed by the GISP and GRIP ice cores.


Filesize: 15.87 Kb
Added on: 27-Jul-2005 Downloads: 199
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Carbon Cycle Response to Environmental Change

  SUBSTRATE INDUCED GROWTH RESPONSE OF SOIL AND RHIZOSPHERE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES UNDER ELEVATED CO2  Popular
Description:

The maximal specific growth rate of microorganisms from rhizospheres of Populus deltoides grown under normal CO2 concentration in the atmosphere (400 ppm) was lower compared to the assessments made for plots under elevated CO2 (800 and 1200 ppm). A similar conclusion was made for microbial communities from soil under winter wheat and sugar beets grown under 370 and 550 ppm CO2 in the atmosphere. Three to four years fumigation of field plots with elevated CO2 has been shown to result in the formation of rhizosphere microbial communities characterized by faster specific growth rates as compared to microbial community under control plants.


Filesize: 147.23 Kb
Added on: 26-Jul-2005 Downloads: 195
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Impacts of High CO2 on Land and Ocean Ecosystems

  FREQUENT MEASUREMENTS OF ATMOSPHERIC CO2 AND OTHER TRACE SPECIES USING COMMERCIAL AIRLINES  Popular
Description:

A new research project has started in 2003 to develop Continuous CO2 Measurement Equipment (CME) and Automatic Air Sampling Equipment (ASE) for commercial airlines. CMEs are planning to be installed on five aircrafts and fly to South East Asia, East Asia, Europe, North America, Pacific and Australia. Routine air sampling by ASE will be done twice a month between Japan and Australia. After issuing the certification, first observation flight by Boeing 747-400 will be conducted in October, 2005. Preliminary observation by small research aircraft indicates that CME produces reasonable results.


Filesize: 77.95 Kb
Added on: 01-Aug-2005 Downloads: 193
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/The Fate of Fossil-Fuel Carbon Emissions

  DECADAL CHANGES IN OCEAN CARBON UPTAKE  Popular
Description:

There is growing evidence that the rate of anthropogenic CO2 uptake in the ocean is changing over time. Several programs are poised to assess current and future ocean CO2 uptake rates, but there are issues with how to extrapolate these measurements to decadal-scale changes over entire ocean basins. One possibility is to exploit the growing network of ARGO floats that are collecting profiles throughout the global oceans. We explore the viability of this approach and make recommendations for how the ARGO network might be made more useful for biogeochemical applications.


Filesize: 25.55 Kb
Added on: 04-Aug-2005 Downloads: 192
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/The Fate of Fossil-Fuel Carbon Emissions

  NEW COUPLED CLIMATE-CARBON SIMULATIONS WITH THE IPSL MODEL: FROM VALIDATION WITH ATMOSPHERIC ...  Popular
Description:

We have developed a Climate-Carbon coupled model based on the IPSL OAGCM and on two biogeochemical models, ORCHIDEE for the continent and PISCES for the ocean, to investigate the coupling between climate change and the global carbon cycle. We have performed four climate-carbon simulations over the 1860-2100 period in which atmospheric CO2 is interactively calculated. They are :

§ A control coupled simulation with no anthropogenic emissions.

§ A coupled simulation with anthropogenic emissions.

§ A coupled simulation with anthropogenic emissions including non-CO2 greenhouse and sulfate aerosols.

§ An uncoupled carbon simulation with the same anthropogenic emissions as second simulation but for which atmospheric CO2 change has no impact on climate.

Compared to the first IPSL Climate-Carbon coupled model [Dufresne, et al., 2002], the simple carbon models have been replaced by IPSL advanced ocean and land biogeochemical models, respectively PISCES and ORCHIDEE. CO2 is transported in the atmosphere and compared with observations. Comparison with satellite data is also done. We then analyze the coupled and uncoupled simulations, highlight the importance of the climate change both on the oceanic and biosphere sink and estimate the climate-carbon feedback. The results are also compared to the outputs of other models participating in the C4MIP inter-comparison project. Finally, off-line simulations are carried out to perform sensitivity tests (fire, dynamics of land and ocean ecosystems, soil respiration) in order to identify the key processes which govern the simulated response.


Filesize: 35.21 Kb
Added on: 27-Jul-2005 Downloads: 182
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Carbon Cycle Response to Environmental Change

  EUROPEAN-WIDE REDUCTION IN PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY CAUSED BY THE HEAT AND DROUGHT IN 2003  Popular
Description:

Future climate warming is expected to enhance plant growth in temperate ecosystems and to increase carbon sequestration. But although severe regional heatwaves may become more frequent in a changing climate, and their impact on terrestrial carbon cycling is unclear. Europe experienced a particularly extreme climate anomaly during 2003, with July temperatures up to 6°C above long-term means, and annual precipitation deficits up to 300 mmy-1, that is 50% below the average. We used the 2003 heatwave as a ‘laboratory assistant’ to estimate the impact on terrestrial carbon cycling.


Filesize: 23.98 Kb
Added on: 28-Jul-2005 Downloads: 179
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Carbon Cycle Response to Environmental Change

  ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT IN MITIGATING GREENHOUSE EMISSIONS  Popular
Description:

Analyses of Northern Hemisphere carbon fluxes indicate that a number of ecosystem processes jointly contribute to source and sink exchanges of CO2 which affect the net carbon sequestered from the atmosphere. These processes (e.g., CO2, N2O, CH4, and H2O dynamics) exhibit high variability in time and space with the largest variability corresponding to human land management events. Therefore, the spatial and temporal incorporation of land management information is needed to properly represent net carbon and other GHG fluxes.


Filesize: 34.12 Kb
Added on: 03-Aug-2005 Downloads: 174
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Managing the Carbon Cycle

  HAZARDS OF TEMPERATURE ON FOOD AVAILABILITY IN CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS  Popular
Description:
Global temperatures are predicted to increase from rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases. We conducted experiments in sunlit, controlled-environment chambers and temperature-gradient greenhouses to determine effects of elevated temperature and doubled CO2 concentration on pollination and yield of rice, soybean, dry bean, peanut, and grain sorghum. Photosynthesis and vegetative growth were more tolerant of increasing temperatures than reproductive processes. Rice seed yields were optimum at 25°C mean daily temperature and decreased with increasing temperature (typically about 10% decline for each 1°C rise in temperature). Grain sorghum yield response to temperature was similar to rice, but dry bean was more sensitive, and soybean and peanut were more tolerant. Pollen viability followed a temperature response similar to seed yield. Comparisons of 43 rice cultivars in temperature-gradient greenhouses showed genetic variation in percent seed-set in response to a 4.5°C increase above ambient temperatures in Florida. Thus, there appears to be a range of adaptation of seed crops to temperature. Elevated CO2 did not prevent high temperature decline in yield; in dry bean it made pollination more sensitive to high temperature. In summary, global warming will be a greater threat to crop seed yields than to photosynthesis and vegetative growth. However, crop genetic improvements might ameliorate part, but not all, of the high temperature hazards for seed yields and global food security.

Filesize: 28.20 Kb
Added on: 25-Jul-2005 Downloads: 173
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Carbon Cycle Response to Environmental Change

  PERSISTENCE OF NITROGEN LIMITATION OVER TERRESTRIAL CARBON UPTAKE  Popular
Description:

Because vegetation growth in the Northern Hemisphere is typically nitrogen-limited, increased nitrogen deposition could have attenuating effect on rising atmospheric CO2 by stimulating the accumulation of biomass. Given the high carbon to nitrogen ratios and long lifetimes of carbon in wood, a most significant effect of nitrogen fertilization is expected in forests. Forest inventories indicate that the carbon content of northern forests have increased concurrently with increased nitrogen deposition since the 1950s [Spiecker et al., 1996]. In addition, variations in atmospheric CO2 indicate a globally significant carbon sink in northern mid-latitude forest regions [Schimel et al., 2001]. It is unclear however, whether elevated nitrogen deposition or other factors are the primary cause of carbon sequestration in northern forests. We argue that the elevated nitrogen deposition is unlikely to enhance vegetation carbon sink significantly because of its differentiating effect on the carbon sequestration capacity of uneven aged forests and climatic limitations on carbon sequestration in the Northern Hemisphere. We estimate the potential of forests with lifted nitrogen limitation to decelerate CO2 concentrations rise in the atmosphere and therefore to mitigate climate warming. We also outline areas of the Northern Hemisphere which are most sensitive to increased nitrogen deposition.


Filesize: 135.93 Kb
Added on: 28-Jul-2005 Downloads: 172
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details | Comments (1)
Category: Abstracts/Carbon Cycle Response to Environmental Change

  TOP-DOWN REGIONAL CO2 FLUXES FOR NORTH AMERICA ESTIMATED FROM NOAA-CMDL CO2 OBSERVATIONS  Popular
Description:

We present an analysis of terrestrial net CO2 fluxes from North America for the period 2000-2004. These fluxes consist of hourly maps at ~70km×100km resolution that are consistent with observed atmospheric CO2 mixing ratios, as well as with varying climatic conditions across different ecosystems as observed from space. The flux maps are created in a newly developed ensemble data assimilation system that consists of the atmospheric Transport Model v5 (TM5), the Vegetation Photosynthesis Respiration Model (VPRM), and an efficient Bayesian least-squares algorithm to optimize the fluxes from different biomes in VPRM against CO2 mixing ratios from the NOAA-CMDL observing network. The stochastic nature of the ensemble data assimilation system allows us to consistently include uncertainty on net CO2 fluxes from the neighboring oceans and more distant continents in the flux estimates for North America.


Filesize: 364.14 Kb
Added on: 03-Aug-2005 Downloads: 167
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/The Fate of Fossil-Fuel Carbon Emissions

  A DECREASING TREND IN NORTHERN HEMISPHERE CARBON UPTAKE SINCE 1992  Popular
Description:
Increases in the north-south gradient of atmospheric CO2 at Northern Hemisphere measurement sites of the NOAA/CMDL Global Air Sampling Network reveal a shrinking carbon sink.  14 of 16 low altitude sites show differences with South Pole increasing at a faster rate than can be explained by fossil fuel emissions, resulting in an average north-south difference at remote marine sites nearly 1 ppm larger in 2003 than in 1992.  Regardless of whether this trend will persist, it shows that large changes in the carbon cycle can occur rapidly and is a strong indication of the tenuous nature of terrestrial carbon sinks.

Filesize: 89.53 Kb
Added on: 02-Aug-2005 Downloads: 165
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details | Comments (2)
Category: Abstracts/The Fate of Fossil-Fuel Carbon Emissions

  ESTIMATION OF ATMOSPHERIC CO2 FROM AIRS INFRARED SATELLITE RADIANCES IN THE ECMWF DATA ASSIMILATION  Popular
Description:

Atmospheric CO2 concentrations have been obtained from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) radiance data within the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) data assimilation system. In a first explorative configuration, a subset of channels from the AIRS instrument has been assimilated providing estimates of tropospheric column-averaged CO2 mixing ratios representative of a layer between the tropopause and about 700 hPa at observation locations only. Results show considerable geographical and temporal variability with values ranging between 370 and 382 ppmv. The 5-day mean estimated random error is about 1%, which is confirmed by comparisons with flask observations on board flights of Japanese airliners in the west-Pacific region. This study demonstrates the feasibility of global CO2 estimation using high spectral resolution infrared satellite data in a numerical weather prediction data assimilation system. Currently, the system is being improved to treat CO2 as a full three-dimensional atmospheric variable included in the forecast model. This allows more flexibility in the constraints on the CO2 estimation as well as the possibility of assimilating other data sources (e.g., near-infrared satellite data and flasks). The CO2 fields provided by the data assimilation system have great potential to assist the surface flask network in constraining current top-down carbon flux estimates.


Filesize: 217.21 Kb
Added on: 28-Jul-2005 Downloads: 163
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/The Fate of Fossil-Fuel Carbon Emissions

  A 50 YEAR RECORD OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE MERIDIONAL GRADIENT IN ATMOSPHERIC CO2 AND ITS ...  Popular
Description:

Measurements of atmospheric CO2 began in 1957-1958 at a wide range of locations, including at fixed stations, on ice floes, on oceanic expeditions, and on aircraft flights, with logistical and financial support provided by the International Geophysical Year (IGY) program. Although the measurement effort was reduced in scope immediately following the IGY, today, measurements are made at more than 100 locations.  Over this same time interval, emissions of CO2 from fossil fuel combustion increased from 2.3 thousand million metric tons per year (GtC/yr) in 1958 to 7.1 GtC/yr in 2003 [Marland et al., 2005, and personal communication].  More than 90% of this CO2 was released into the northern hemisphere where it lingered before mixing fully world-wide.  The atmospheric CO2 concentration, in response, rose faster in the northern hemisphere than in the southern, the interhemispheric difference increasing from near zero during the IGY to about 3 parts per million (ppm) in 2003. For all northern hemisphere stations where our program has measured CO2, the gradient changes relative to the South Pole are generally proportional to the rate of fossil fuel CO2 emissions, disregarding seasonal and short term interannual variability in the CO2 data.  Here, we use this fact to diagnose how the carbon cycle has evolved over the past half century.


Filesize: 40.33 Kb
Added on: 01-Aug-2005 Downloads: 163
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/The Fate of Fossil-Fuel Carbon Emissions

  PROPOSING A MECHANISTIC UNDERSTANDING OF ATMOSPHERIC CO2 DURING THE LATE PLEISTOCENE...  Popular
Description:

Paleo-climate records in ice cores revealed high variability in temperature, atmospheric dust content and carbon dioxide. The longest CO2 record from the Antarctic ice core of the Vostok station went back in time as far as about 410 kyr BP showing a switch of glacials and interglacials in all those parameters approximately every 100 kyr during the last four glacial cycles with CO2 varying between 180-300 ppmv [Petit et al., 1999]. New measurements of dust and the isotopic temperature proxy deuterium of the EPICA Dome C (EDC) ice core covered the last 740 kyr, however, revealed glacial cycles of reduced temperature amplitude [EPICA community members, 2004]. These new archives offer the possibility to propose atmospheric CO2 for the pre-Vostok time span as called for in the EPICA challenge [Wolff et al., 2004]. Here, we contribute to this challenge using a box model of the isotopic carbon cycle [Köhler et al., 2005] based on process understanding previously derived for Termination I. Our results show that major features of the Vostok period are reproduced while prior to Vostok our model predicts significantly smaller amplitudes in CO2 variations.


Filesize: 48.63 Kb
Added on: 01-Aug-2005 Downloads: 163
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Carbon Cycle Response to Environmental Change

  THE POTENTIAL OF UPPER OCEAN ALKALINITY CONTROLS FOR ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE CHANGES  Popular
Description:

Extreme global model scenarios of complete preservation and degradation of biogenic particulate CaCO3 (calcium carbonate) in open ocean waters which are supersaturated with respect to CaCO3 were carried out. According to these experiments, the theoretical potential of upper ocean alkalinity controls for changing the atmospheric pCO2 (CO2 partial pressure) amounts to several hundred μatm on time scales of several 104 years. Up to a timescale of 103 years, however, the respective influence is minor as compared to an expected anthropogenic increase of the atmospheric pCO2 in the order of 500-1000 μatm.


Filesize: 80.15 Kb
Added on: 29-Jul-2005 Downloads: 161
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Impacts of High CO2 on Land and Ocean Ecosystems

  INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY IN TERRESTRIAL CARBON EXCHANGE USING AN ECOSYSTEM FIRE MODEL  Popular
Description:

We have incorporated a semi-mechanistic fire model into the SEVER Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM). The model produces estimates of net primary productivity (NPP), heterotrophic respiration (HR) and fire carbon emission (FE) for the globe. This model was run for the period 1957-2002 with the NCEP climate reanalysis data as an input. Results were compared with the ATSR area burnt maps and a Time Dependent Inverse (TDI) model fluxes of CO2. We find that on interannual time scales NPP variability explains major part of flux variability simulated by the TDI model, followed by the HR and FE contributions.


Filesize: 64.05 Kb
Added on: 08-Aug-2005 Downloads: 161
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Land Use and the Terrestrial Carbon Cycle

  THE CHANGING CARBON CYCLE  Popular
Description:

The carbon cycle has undergone changes from 1998-2003 as a result of extensive droughts.  The CO2 seasonal amplitude at MLO halted its increase, and the CO2 growth rate accelerated as a result of a slowing down of the North American carbon sink.  In a series of coupled carbon-climate model experiments, we show a greater probability of drier soils in the 21st century, especially in the tropics and in mid-latitude summers as temperature-driven evapotranspiration exceed precipitation, and a positive feedback between the carbon cycle and climate. This positive feedback reduces the land and ocean’s capacity to store fossil fuel CO­ and accelerates the warming. A fossil fuel emission accelerating rapidly as the sink capacities decrease leads to further increases in the airborne fraction of fossil fuel CO2.


Filesize: 58.93 Kb
Added on: 28-Jul-2005 Downloads: 159
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details | Comments (1)
Category: Abstracts/Carbon Cycle Response to Environmental Change

  WHAT ARE THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR CLIMATE CARBON CYCLE COUPLING  Popular
Description:

Data from long-term measurements of carbon balance in boreal, mid-latitude and tropical ecosystems are used to assess the mechanisms that drive changes in ecosystem carbon balance in response to a changing climate. We find that most model parameterizations overestimate the temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration and underestimate the role of soil water balance in controlling respiration and flammability. We conclude that model assessments of climate—carbon feedbacks must carefully simulate regional precipitation, evaporation, evapotranspiration, and water balance, including factors leading to fires (e.g. sources of ignition), in addition to assessing changes in temperature. Covariances among these drivers of ecosystem respiration and vegetation change may be critically important for these simulations.


Filesize: 686.66 Kb
Added on: 09-Aug-2005 Downloads: 158
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Carbon Cycle Response to Environmental Change

  NITROGEN REGULATION OF CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS IN RESPONSE TO RISING ...  Popular
Description:

A highly controversial issue in global change research is the regulation of terrestrial carbon (C) sequestration by soil nitrogen (N) availability. The Third Assessment IPCC Report  predicts rising atmospheric CO2 alone could stimulate terrestrial carbon (C) sequestration by 350 – 980 Pg (=1015 g) C in the 21st Century. Sequestering 350 – 980 Gt C in terrestrial ecosystems requires 7.7 – 37.5 Pg (N) based on a stoichiochemical relationship that approximately 0.005 g N is required for 1 g C stored in long-lived plant biomass (i.e., wood) and 0.067 g N for 1 g C sequestered in soil organic matter (SOM).  Thus, to realistically predict future C sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems, we have to understand how closely C and N processes are coupled in response to rising Ca.­


Filesize: 24.39 Kb
Added on: 01-Aug-2005 Downloads: 157
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Impacts of High CO2 on Land and Ocean Ecosystems

  EFFECTS OF VERTICAL DIC DISTRIBUTION ON STORAGE EFFICIENCY OF DIRECT INJECTION OF CO2 INTO THE OCEAN  Popular
Description:

We estimated the effects of initial vertical distribution of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) on storage efficiency of direct injection of CO2 into the ocean. Our simulations shown that the storage efficiencies could be reduced up to 10% if a relative large droplet (30 mm in diameter) was injected at depth of 1500m. The storage efficiency of CO2 ocean sequestration is strongly related with not only injection depth but also the initial CO2 droplet diameter. With a given injection rate, the larger droplets injected will produce a dilute DIC plume and thus improve the acute biological impacts but a smaller storage effective due to droplet ascending.


Filesize: 204.22 Kb
Added on: 28-Jul-2005 Downloads: 155
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Managing the Carbon Cycle

  THE AMAZON AND THE MODERN CARBON CYCLE  Popular
Description:

Is the massive Amazon forest a CO2 sink, a source or is it in equilibrium?  

There is a large uncertainty in carbon fluxes estimates for the tropics as a whole and in particular for the Amazon region in South America, bringing the attention to the lack of information to call the region a carbon source or sink. The production of scientific consistent and long term data series for the region is a process that has to advance step by step.


Filesize: 35.51 Kb
Added on: 03-Aug-2005 Downloads: 155
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Carbon Cycle Response to Environmental Change

  THE AGE OF CARBON RESPIRED FROM TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS  Popular
Description:

Carbon enters ecosystems through a single process, photosynthesis, and nearly all is returned to the atmosphere through respiration, some 50-80% of which occurs below-ground. Soil (belowground) respiration integrates CO2 derived from C that has resided in the ecosystem for periods of differing duration, ranging from relatively recent photosynthetic products that fuel root metabolism, to CO2 derived from decomposition of plant and soil organic matter that may be decades to centuries old.  A comparison of the radiocarbon content of CO2 respired by roots, microbes, and soils with the record of radiocarbon in atmospheric CO2 allows direct estimation of the mean age of C being respired [Trumbore 2000; Wang et al. 2000, Cisneros Dozal et al. 2005; Borken et al. 2005]. 


Filesize: 21.45 Kb
Added on: 08-Aug-2005 Downloads: 155
Home Page | Comment on Proceeding | Details
Category: Abstracts/Land Use and the Terrestrial Carbon Cycle


     Login
Username

Password


     Talk History
Friday, September 30
· Discussion Panel
· Nitrogen Regulation of Carbon Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems in Respons
· The Role of Water Relations in Driving Grassland Ecosystem Responses to Rising A
· Unraveling the Decline in High-latitude Surface Ocean Carbonate
Thursday, September 29
· Hazards of Temperature on Food Availability in Changing Environments (HOT-FACE)
· The Amazon and the Modern Carbon Cycle
· New Coupled Climate-carbon Simulations from the IPSL Model
· The Changing Carbon Cycle
· What are the Most Important Factors for Climate-carbon Cycle Coupling?
· CO2 Uptake of the Marine Biosphere
· European-wide Reduction in Primary Productivity Caused by the Heat and Drought i
· Persistence of Nitrogen Limitation over Terrestrial Carbon Uptake
· Atmospheric CO2, Carbon Isotopes, the Sun, and Climate Change over the Last Mill
· Proposing a Mechanistic Understanding of Atmospheric CO2 During the late Pleist
· Greenhouse Gas (CO2, CH4) and Climate Evolution since 650 kyrs Deduced from Anta
Wednesday, September 28
· (In and) Out of Africa: Estimating the Carbon Exchange of a Continent
· Recent Shifts in Soil Dynamics on Growing Season Length, Productivity, and...
· Interannual Variability in the Carbon Exchange Using an Ecosystem-fire Model
· Photosynthesis and Respiration in Forests in Response to Environmental Changes
· Seasonal and Interannual Variability in Net Ecosystem CO2 Exchange in Japan
· Estimating Landscape-level Carbon Fluxes from Tower CO2 Mixing Ratio Measurement
· Monitoring Effects in Climate and Fire Regime on Net Ecosystem Production
· Radiative Forcing from a Boreal Forest Fire
· The Influence of Soil and Water Management on Carbon Erosion and Burial
· Spatial and Temporal Patterns of CO2, CH4, and N2O Fluxes in Ecosystems
· Modeling the History of Terrestrial Carbon Sources and Sinks
· The Age of Carbon Respired from Terrestrial Ecosystems
· Discussion Panel
· The Underpinnings of Land Use History
Tuesday, September 27
· Regional CO2 Fluxes for North America Estimated from NOAA/CMDL Observatories

Older Articles

     Who's Online
There are currently, 1 guest(s) and 0 member(s) that are online.

You are Anonymous user. You should login here




The 7th International CO2 Conference

The Omni Interlocken Resort
September 25th - 30th
PHP-Nuke Copyright © 2005 by Francisco Burzi. This is free software, and you may redistribute it under the GPL. PHP-Nuke comes with absolutely no warranty, for details, see the license.
Page Generation: 0.18 Seconds