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OCO-2 v11 MIP
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The OCO-2 v11 MIP

The Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) model intercomparison project (MIP) is a collaboration among atmospheric CO2 modelers to study the impact of assimilating OCO-2 retrieval data into atmospheric inversion models.


Protocol details available on the downloads page.

Modelers submitting global flux inversion results to the OCO-2 v11 MIP are given in Table 1, along with their transport model, meteorology source, and inversion method.
Table 1. OCO-2 v11 MIP participants and model details.
Model Contact Institution Transport Model Meteorology Inverse Method
Ames Matthew Johnson and Sajeev Philip NASA Ames Research Center GEOS-Chem MERRA-2 4D-Var
CAMS Frédéric Chevallier LSCE France LMDz-Dispersion ERA5 via LMDz Variational
CMS-Flux Junjie Liu NASA JPL GEOS-Chem MERRA-2 4D-Var
CT Andy Jacobson University of Colorado and NOAA GML TM5-zoom ERA5 EnKF
CT-MP Andy Jacobson University of Colorado and NOAA GML TM5-MP ERA5 EnKF
JHU Kristan Morgan and Scot Miller Johns Hopkins University GEOS-Chem MERRA-2 Geostatistical
NISMON-CO2 Suman Maity and Yosuke Niwa National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) NICAM-TM JRA-3Q 4D-Var
NTFVAR Shamil Maksyutov and Rajesh Janardanan Satellite Observation Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) NIES-TM and FLEXPART ERA5 and JRA-55 Variational
PCTM David Baker Colorado State University PCTM MERRA-2 4D-Var
TM5-4DVAR Sourish Basu University of Maryland and NASA GMAO TM5 ERA5 4D-Var

Inversion experiments

Modelers performed inversion experiments assimilating various types of observational constraints. These experiments extend from the beginnning of the OCO-2 retrievals in September 2014 through the end of 2024. Results are reported for the 10-year interval 2015-2024.

  • IS: Assimilation of in situ CO2 measurements
  • LNLG: Assimilation of OCO-2 Land Nadir and Land Glint retrievals
  • LNLGIS: Assimilation of OCO-2 Land Nadir and Land Glint retrievals, and in situ CO2 measurements
  • LNLGOGIS: Assimilation of in situ CO2 measurements and all OCO-2 retrievals