FREQUENT MEASUREMENTS OF ATMOSPHERIC CO2 AND OTHER TRACE SPECIES USING COMMERCIAL AIRLINES
Description:
A
new research project has started in 2003 to develop Continuous CO2
Measurement Equipment (CME) and
Automatic Air Sampling Equipment (ASE)
for commercial airlines. CMEs are planning to be installed on five aircrafts
and fly to South East Asia, East Asia, Europe, North America, Pacific and Australia.
Routine air sampling by ASE will
be done twice a month between Japan
and Australia.
After issuing the certification, first observation flight by Boeing 747-400
will be conducted in October, 2005. Preliminary observation by small research
aircraft indicates that CME
produces reasonable results.
Author's Names: T. Machida, H. Matsueda, Y. Nakagawa, M. Tomosawa, et al
Filesize: 77.95 Kb
Added on: 01-Aug-2005 Downloads: 194
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GLOBAL CARBON FLUXES INFERRED FROM THE CSIRO GLOBAL FLASK NETWORK: 1983-2004
Description:
Stable isotope measurements of atmospheric carbon
dioxide from the CSIRO global flask sampling program with improved traceability
to the international primary reference material VPDB (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite),
and with improved uncertainty estimates, are presented. The measurements have
been used with an improved time dependent inversion model to reassess
terrestrial and oceanic contributions to the interannual variability in
atmospheric CO2.
Author's Names: C. Allison, R. Francey, R. Law, and P. Rayner
Filesize: 84.77 Kb
Added on: 10-Aug-2005 Downloads: 38
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GLOBAL MONTHLY CO2 FLUX INVERSION WITH REGULARIZATION USING REMOTE SENSING-BASED SURFACE FLUX FIELDS
Description:
An inverse modeling system has
been developed based on the Bayesian principle for estimating the carbon fluxes
of the 48 regions globally and 28 regions over North
America in monthly steps for 2003 using CO2 concentration measurements at 95 atmospheric baseline
stations and with regularization using remote sensing-based surface flux field.
Preliminary inversion results of global carbon flux and a carbon flux field over
North America have been obtained.
Author's Names: Feng Deng, Jing M. Chen, Chiu-Wai Yuen, Misa Ishizawa, et al
Filesize: 33.86 Kb
Added on: 28-Jul-2005 Downloads: 23
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GLOBAL OCEANIC AND LAND CARBON SINKS FROM THE SCRIPPS ATMOSPHERIC OXYGEN FLASK SAMPLING NETWORK
Description:
Measurements
of atmospheric O2/N2 ratio and CO2
concentration are presented over the period 1989 to present from the Scripps
Institution of Oceanography global flask sampling network. The data are used to
make estimates of land and ocean sinks over various time scales. The oceanic
and land biotic sinks are estimated to be 1.9±0.6 (ocean) and 1.2±0.8 Pg C/yr
(land) over the period Jan. 1990-Jan. 2000 and 2.2±0.5 (ocean) and 0.5±0.7 Pg
C/yr (land) over the period Jan. 1993-Jan. 2003. These estimates make allowance
for oceanic O2 and N2 outgassing based on observed
changes in ocean heat content and estimates of the relative outgassing per unit
warming. The recent ocean sink is consistent, to within the uncertainties, with
estimates of the accumulation of anthropogenic CO2 in the ocean
since 1800, assuming the oceanic sink varied over time as predicted by a
box-diffusion model. The possibility that the ocean sink is being reduced
slightly by climate feedbacks, as predicted by some models, is not ruled out,
however.
Author's Names: R.F. Keeling, A.C. Manning, R.C. Hamme, W. Paplawski
Filesize: 12.85 Kb
Added on: 01-Aug-2005 Downloads: 106
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HIGH PRECISION CO2 SENSOR FOR BALLOONSONDE ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENTS
Description:
Existing instruments for measuring atmospheric
profiles of carbon dioxide can be very sensitive, but are all large and bulky
and must be flown using aircraft or large, research gondolas. This work reports on the development of a
stand-alone, lightweight CO2 sensor for use on balloon sondes. This device will have sub part-per-million
(ppm) sensitivity and weigh less than 1 kg.
Author's Names: J.A. Silver and M.A. Zondlo
Filesize: 169.81 Kb
Added on: 04-Aug-2005 Downloads: 25
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IMPACT OF TROPICAL BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS ON THE DIURNAL CYCLE OF MID TO UPPER TROPOSPHERE ...
Description:
Biomass burning is an important source of atmospheric
CO2, aerosols and chemically important gases. It is as important to
global chemistry as industrial activities in the developed world [Crutzen
and Andreae, 1990]. Biomass burning is a key component of the global carbon
budget, currently releasing 2.6 GtC from fires in the tropical and subtropical
ecosystems (van der Werf et al. [2003], to be compared to the 5.6 GtC
released from fossil fuels) to the atmosphere each year, most of it being
emitted in the form of carbon dioxide, although there is important spread
amongst various estimates. Biomass burning contributes up to 40% of gross
atmospheric CO2 (IPCC, 2001), 38% of tropospheric O3, and
10 % of CH4.
Author's Names: A. Chédin, S. Serrar, N. A. Scott, C. Pierang, and P. Ciais
Filesize: 33.17 Kb
Added on: 28-Jul-2005 Downloads: 18
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IMPACTS OF SOIL-SURFACE FLUXES AND NIGHT-TIME LEAF RESPIRATION ON THE GLOBAL COMPOSITION ...
Description:
The oxygen isotopic composition of atmospheric CO2 can help
constrain local- to global-scale biophysical processes and partition measured
net ecosystem CO2 fluxes into gross fluxes. Although current models
still lack key features controlling gross ecosystem CO18O fluxes,
considerable improvements have been achieved in the last four years. In this
study we examine the influence on atmospheric CO18O of 1) a delayed
seasonal cycle in soil water isotopes (relative to rain water) and 2) a new
one-way flux model of night-time leaf respiration [Cernusak et
al., 2004]. The latter covaries with enhanced night-time stomatal
conductance, for which evidence arose recently [e.g. Snyder et
al., 2003].
Author's Names: M. Cuntz, W.J. Riley, and G.D. Farquhar
Filesize: 35.16 Kb
Added on: 28-Jul-2005 Downloads: 24
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IMPLICATIONS OF OCEAN INTERIOR CO2 AND 14CO2 FOR AIR-SEA GAS EXCHANGE PARAMETERIZATIONS
Description:
In recent years our knowledge of gas
exchange across the air-sea interface at the process level has improved as a
consequence of new instrumentation and novel use of injected and natural
tracers. However, there remains
significant uncertainty in the extrapolation of these results to larger scales,
especially for studies focusing on global-scale processes such as the earth's
carbon cycle.
Author's Names: A.R. Jacobson, M. Gloor, C. Sweeney, R.M. Key, et al
Filesize: 28.79 Kb
Added on: 29-Jul-2005 Downloads: 18
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INCREASE OF NORDIC SEAS ANTHROPOGENIC CO2 INVENTORY OVER THE LAST TWO DECADES AS OBSERVED FROM ...
Description:
This
paper presents estimates of the 13C Suess effect and anthropogenic
carbon concentration increase in the Nordic
Seas since 1981.
Author's Names: A. Olsen, A.M. Omar, R.G.J. Bellerby, et al
Filesize: 37.34 Kb
Added on: 03-Aug-2005 Downloads: 22
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INCREASING THE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL RESOLUTION OF FOSSIL-FUEL CARBON EMISSIONS ESTIMATES FOR ...
Description: Numerical models of the carbon cycle are
becoming increasingly sophisticated. One result of this is that these models
now require fossil-fuel carbon-dioxide emissions data with sub-annual (e.g.,
seasonal) time resolution. They also
require finer spatial resolution than national averages (i.e., than one point
per nation). Finer spatial resolution is
especially needed for countries as large in area as the United States of
America (U.S.A.). Here we present a summary of monthly data for the entire
nation, and annual data for each state in the U.S.A.
Author's Names: T.J. Blasing, C.T. Broniak, and G. Marland
Filesize: 73.33 Kb
Added on: 26-Jul-2005 Downloads: 92
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