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Park Falls, Wisconsin, United States
Site Latitude 45° 56' 42.36" N (45.94510 °N)
Site Longitude 90° 16' 23.52" W (-90.27320 °E)
Site Elevation472.0 masl
Site codeLEF
Datasetco2_lef_tower-insitu_1_allvalid-396magl (GLOBALVIEW identifier LEF_01C3)
Assimilated Yes, but showing unassimilated subset Switch to assimilated subset
Selection schemeall valid hourly data from 396 magl
Data providerArlyn Andrews, NOAA ESRL GML, 325 Broadway R/GML-1, Boulder, CO 80305-3328, United States, and Peter Bakwin, United States
Partner(s)Kenneth Davis, Department of Meteorology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States, and Ankur Desai, United States, and Dan Baumann, United States
Laboratory
NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, 325 Broadway, NOAA R/GML-1, Boulder, CO 80305-3328, United States
University of Wisconsin, United States
Download these data via ObsPack.
(a) Time series of CO2 mole fractions, both simulated and observed, at this CarbonTracker observation site. Vertical black line at January 1st, 2019 marks the beginning of CT-NRT.v2022-1 period. Prior to this date results from CT2019B are plotted. In the top panel, measured mole fractions (filled black circles) are plotted along with CarbonTracker simulated values (filled light blue circles) and withheld observations (filled yellow circles).
(b) The time series of model residuals--the difference between the simulated and measured mole fractions--shown with dark green filled circles. These residuals should be uncorrelated in time, unbiased (i.e., have a mean of zero), and distributed normally.
(c) Summary statistics for model residuals from to . Residuals are defined as simluated values minus observed values. "Bias" is the mean of the residuals; "std. dev." is the standard deviation, and RMSE is root-mean-square error. All quantities are in ppm of CO2. The time period over which these quantities are computed is set by the graphs (a) and (b).